Investigation of Wet Milling and Indirect Ultrasound as Means for Controlling Nucleation in the Continuous Crystallization of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
Contributor(s):: Yang, YH, Ahmed, BMitchell, C, Quon, JL, Siddique, H, Houson, I, Florence, AJ, Papageorgiou, CD
This study compares the use of wet milling and indirect ultrasound for promoting nucleation and controlling the particle size during the continuous crystallization of a hard-to-nucleate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Both an immersion and an external wet mill installed on a recirculation...
Anti-fouling control of plug-flow crystallization via heating and cooling cycle
Contributor(s):: Koswara, Andy, Nagy, Zoltan K.
Plug-flow crystallization (PFC) is a promising continuous pharmaceutical crystallization process but is prone to fouling due to uncontrolled crystallization on the reactor surface (encrustation). This results in operational issues such as (1) flow blockage, (2) increased thermal resistance, and...