Continuously operated single and multistage MSMPR crystallizers using intermittent withdrawal through use of an automated pressure supply were developed for the cooling crystallization of Paracetamol from an aqueous isopropanol mixture. The onset of steady state was detected through analysis of the solid phase by means of Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM). Simple extraction of the growth and nucleation parameters from the single stage reactor operating at steady state was performed though use of the population balance model. The kinetic data was then used with the two stage MSMPR models to predict the performance of the cascade under various operating conditions. A diagram of the mean particle size vs. total residence time in the MSMPR Cascade was obtained by incorporating the energy balance as a constraint. This affords a means to determine whether a desired product specification can be achieved in the chosen configuration. A multi-objective optimization is proposed to determine a Pareto optimal with respect to multiple attributes of the particle size distribution attained from the two stage MSMPR cascade. The optimal conditions were implemented experimentally and the crystal size distributions (CSDs) at steady state were compared to those predicted by the model.

• University College Dublin
• APC Ltd

• Modeling

1. Crystallization kinetics
2. modeling
3. MSMPR cascade
4. Multi-objective optimization
5. Population balance modelling
6. Research Article