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  1. A Digital Twin for Process Optimisation in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios I., Castro-Rodriguez, Daniel

    Organic synthesis is a critical step in producing any Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API): it encompasses a series of organic (mostly catalytic) reactions and separations, whose purpose is to arrive at a solution of a target molecule, which must then undergo crystallisation for purification,...

  2. A Framework for Representative Sampling for NIR Analysis – Theory of Sampling (TOS)

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Esbensen, Kim H, Ciurczak, Emil W., Igne, Benoît, Workman, Jr.,Jerome, Burns, Donald A., Romañach, Rodolfo J.

    This chapter deals with all critical steps before near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) analysis, irrespective of whether the total sampling error contribution is large, intermediate, or small – all cases can be treated identically, including the widespread sensor-based solutions from the...

  3. Advanced Control of Continuous Pharmaceutical Tablet Manufacturing Processes

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Singh, Ravendra, Velazquez, Carlos Sahay, Abhishek Karry, Krizia M Muzzio, Fernando J Ierapetritou, Marianthi G, Ramachandran, Rohit

    A novel manufacturing strategy based on continuous processing, integrated with online/inline monitoring tools, coupled with an advanced automatic feedback control system is highly desired for efficient Quality by Design (QbD)-based manufacturing of the next generation of pharmaceutical products...

  4. An Overview of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing for Solid Dosage Forms

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Sacher, Stephan, Khinast, Johannes G.

    In this chapter, the main processing steps and manufacturing aspects of solid dosage forms are described and the relevant literature is reviewed. Starting with powder feeding, powder blending, granulation (dry and wet), and drying the most important unit operations to make compactable granules...

  5. Cellulose Ethers for Extrusion Applications

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Pinto, Elanor, Duerig, Thomas

    Cellulose ethers have been used for years in developing oral dosage forms via batch processes such as direct compression and wet granulation. Recent advances in continuous manufacturing have brought about innovative technologies such as hot melt extrusion, melt extrusion granulation, and...

  6. Challenges and Opportunities in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Modeling and Optimization

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Rogers, Amanda, Ierapetritou, Marianthi Eden, Mario R. Siirola, John D., Towler, Gavin P.

    The pharmaceutical industry currently faces economic and regulatory challenges associated with process development. Process systems engineering (PSE) tools can play a role in developing robust and economically efficient manufacturing processes. However pharmaceutical companies have lagged behind...

  7. Characterization of material properties

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Razavi, Sonia, Oka, Sarang, Escotet-Espinoza, M. Sebastian, Wang, Yifan, Li, Tianyi, Futran Mauricio., Muzzio, Fernando

    This chapter describes the importance of deepening our understanding of material properties and their effect on process performance. There are many measurement techniques to describe the complex nature of powders, some of which are provided in this chapter. Strong knowledge of multivariate...

  8. Continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Johannes Khinast, Jukka Rantanen

    A comprehensive look at existing technologies and processes for continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals.As rising costs outpace new drug development, the pharmaceutical industry has come under intense pressure to improve the efficiency of its manufacturing processes. Continuous process...

  9. Continuous Pharmaceutical Processing

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Zoltan K Nagy, Arwa El Hagrasy, Jim Litster

    Covers chemical engineering principles, regulatory aspects, primary and secondary manufacturing, process analytical technology and quality-by-design

  10. Control of Batch and Continuous Crystallization Processes using Reinforcement Learning

    09 Jun 2023 | Contributor(s): Benyahia, Brahim, Anandan, Paul Danny Rielly, Chris Türkay, Metin, Gani, Rafiqul

    In crystallization processes, the control of particle size distribution, shape and purity are crucial to achieve the targeted critical quality attributes of the final drug product and meet the pharmaceutical regulatory requirements. This work presents novel optimal trajectory tracking control...